Sleep Apnea

Definition

Obstructive sleep apnea is a condition in which a person has episodes of blocked breathing during sleep.

This article discusses obstructive sleep apnea in adults.

See also:

• Central sleep apnea
• Sleep disorders

Symptoms

A person who has obstructive sleep apnea often is not aware of the apnea episodes during the night. Often, family members, especially spouses, witness the periods of apnea.

A person with obstructive sleep apnea usually snores heavily soon after falling asleep. The snoring continues at a regular pace for a period of time, often becoming louder. It is then interrupted by a long silent period during which there is no breathing. This is followed by a loud snort and gasp, and the snoring returns. This pattern repeats frequently throughout the night.

The main symptoms are usually associated with excessive daytime sleepiness:

• Abnormal daytime sleepiness, including falling asleep at inappropriate times
• Awakening unrefreshed in the morning

Other symptoms may include:

• Depression (possibly)
• Memory difficulties
• Morning headaches
• Personality changes
• Poor concentration
• Restless and fitful sleep
• Frequent waking up during the night to urinate
• Insomnia

Other symptoms that may occur with this disease:

• Hyperactive behavior, especially in children
• Leg swelling (if severe)

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