Phenylketonuria

Mental Retardation
Mental retardation or intellectual disability, (MR/ID), exists in children whose brains do not develop properly or function within the normal range. There are four levels of retardation: mild, moderate, severe, and profound. Sometimes, MR/ID may b  More »
HLCMS

Seizures
Seizures are changes in the brain's electrical activity. This can cause dramatic, noticeable symptoms or even no symptoms at all. The symptoms of a severe seizure are often widely recognized, including violent shaking and loss of control.  More »
HLCMS

Rash
A rash is a noticeable change in the texture or color of the skin. The skin may become itchy, bumpy, chapped, scaly, or otherwise irritated. Rashes are caused by a wide range of conditions, including allergies, medication, cosmetics, and various  More »
HLCMS

Tremor
Tremor is an unintentional (involuntary) rhythmical alternating movement that may affect the muscles of any part of the body. Tremor is caused by the rapid alternating contraction and relaxation of muscles and is a common symptom of diseases of th...  More »
Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders

Microcephaly
Infant growth is measured in a number of ways. Height (length) and weight, for instance, are common measures used by your doctor to determine if your infant is growing normally. Another measure of infant growth is head circumference, or the size o  More »
HLCMS

History and Physical Exam
The health status of populations and of individuals is assessed for many reasons. Assessing needs for care helps guide the allocation of resources— diagnostic assessments guide treatment, prognostic assessments contribute to planning, and assessin...  More »
Gale Encyclopedia of Public Health

Serum phenylalanine measurement
A baby born with phenylketonuria (PKU) lacks a specific enzyme called phenylalanine hydroxylase . This enzyme is what allows the body to break down phenylalanine, an essential nutrient that your body requires, but can't create itself. Wit  More »
HLCMS

Sapropterin
SAPROPTERIN (SAP roe TER in) works to lower phenylalanine levels in the blood. It is used with a special diet to treat phenylketonuria. This medicine is not a cure.  More »
GOLD

Omega-3 fatty acids
Dietary sources of omega-3 fatty acids include fish oil and certain plant/nut oils. Fish oil contains both docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), while some nuts (e.g., English walnuts) and vegetable oils (e.g., canola, soybea...  More »
NaturalStandard

Mental Retardation
Mental retardation or intellectual disability, (MR/ID), exists in children whose brains do not develop properly or function within the normal range. There are four levels of retardation: mild, moderate, severe, and profound. Sometimes, MR/ID may b  More »
HLCMS

Epilepsy
The types of epilepsy include Juvenile Myoclonic, Benign Rolandic, Reflex, West Syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome, Landau-Kleffner and Rasmussen's Encephalitis Epilepsy.  More »
HLCMS

ADHD
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder that causes above-normal levels of hyperactive and disruptive behaviors. People with ADHD tend to have difficulty concentrating, sitting still, paying attention, staying organize...  More »
HLCMS

Agitation
Agitation is a feeling of aggravation or restlessness brought on by provocation or a medical condition. It is normal for people to feel agitated from time to time. It is often a direct result of everyday stresses caused by work or school. Howeve  More »
HLCMS

Child ADHD
Disorder characterized by attentional deficit and/or hyperactivity — impulsivity more severe than expected for a developmental age. Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), which affects 3-5% of school-age children in the United States, re...  More »
Gale Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence

Genetic Counseling
Genetic counseling is a communication process by which personal genetic risk information is translated into practical information for families. Genetic counselors are health care professionals with specialized training and experience in the areas ...  More »
Gale Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders Part II